CHANGE IN SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) AND CATALASE (CAT) ACTIVITY IN KIDNEY OF POTASSIUM BROMATE INDUCED TOXICITY IN RAT ADMINISTERED CLOVE EXTRACT

Potassium bromated (KBro3), used in both the food and cosmetics industry and drinking water disinfection by product is nephrotoxic chemical and rodent carcinogen. As KBro3 18 primarily an oxidizing compound, reactive oxygen and other species generated from bromate have been held responsible for the genotoxic, carcinogenic and toxic effects. Bromate induces primary DNA oxidative damage, mutations and DNA-Stroud breakage, structural chromosomal aberration types of chromatid breaks and exchange. KBro3 induces of micronuclei in different cells in vivo. Bromate administered in the drinking water was tumorogenic in the rat kidney. It was shown that KBro3 is an effective promoter of kidney neoplasia induced by N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethy initrosamine. There are a lot naturally occurring compounds which may be used as effective chemopreventive agents against KBro3-mediated renal and other organ oxidative stress toxicity and tumor promotion response. The experiment was carried out using eight weeks old male albino rats weighing between rats were divided into four groups in which each group contained five rats. Potassium bromated (KBrO3) 5mg/ml was injected to the rats (group2 to group 5) at a single dose of 125mg/Kg intraiperitoneally to induce oxidative stress. The rats sacrificed on the 29th day after 24 hours fast the kidney was removed and 0.5g was homogenized in 4.5ml of normal saline. The supernatant obtained was required for biochemical analysis immediately. However several research have been carried out in different parts of the world to prove that potassium bromated is dangerous to health if consumed in food or water. It exerts nephrotoxic andototoxi effects in experimental animals as well as in man.